Which Painting Do You Like?
- 1能認識可數、不可數名詞的差異。
- 2能用 which 詢問喜好或選擇。
- 3能用 How much…? 詢問價錢並回答。
- 4能用代名詞 one / ones 指稱可數名詞。
相關字詞:painter(畫家)、paint box(顏料盒)
相關字詞:black coffee(黑咖啡;不加糖或奶的咖啡)
② 也可當動詞,表「購物」。
近義詞:store [stɔr](商店)
② 也可放在時間之後,表「…之後」。
| 肯定回答 | 否定回答 |
|---|---|
| Yes. / Of course. / OK. / Sure. | No. / Not really. / Of course not. / No way. |
B: Of course. I go there three times a week. (當然。我一週去那裡三次。)
① 請求允許:May I come in?(我可以進來嗎?)
② 表示可能性:It may snow tonight.(今晚可能會下雪。)
B: No, thanks.(不用,謝謝。)
② 當動詞,表「款待;招待」:treat + 某人 + to + 名詞,指「買…給某人」。
② 在英式英文中也可當名詞用,指「糖果;甜食」。
② 其他表示飲料溫度的字彙:
② 當可數名詞時,指一顆顆的巧克力。
③ hot chocolate:熱巧克力。
Can I have a sandwich and a large black tea to go?(我可以外帶一個三明治和一杯大杯紅茶嗎?)
B: Sure. Here you are/go.(當然可以。給你。)
一字多義:觀觀的。片語:look on the bright side(永遠往好的那面看)
② 名詞:表「黑暗」,常與 in 連用。
相關字詞:dark horse(黑馬;深藏不露的人)
② 一字多義:也可當名詞,指「表演;節目」。
可以一個一個數出來,有單數與複數形式。
不能分割計數,沒有複數形,搭配單數動詞。
| 類別 | 例字 |
|---|---|
| 抽象概念 | time luck fun trouble |
| 材料/物質 | soup milk cream rice water |
| 天氣相關 | ice weather rain snow |
| 物品總稱 | furniture luggage |
| 其他 | homework money |
部分名詞(如 food、cake、pizza)視語境而定:
| 只修飾可數名詞 | 只修飾不可數名詞 | 兩者皆可修飾 |
|---|---|---|
|
many few (很少) a few (一些) several (好幾個) |
much little (很少) a little (一些) |
no
some
any a lot of lots of all most |
用來詢問「已知選項、限定範圍」中的哪一個。
| 問句結尾 | 情況 | 答法 |
|---|---|---|
| A or B | 選 A 或 B | 直接回答 A 或 B |
| 兩者皆是 | 用 both 回答 | |
| 兩者皆非 | 用 neither 回答 | |
| A, B, or C | 選其中一個 | 直接回答 |
| 三者皆是 | 用 all 回答 | |
| 三者皆非 | 用 none 回答 |
例:What do you like for breakfast?(早餐吃什麼?→ 無限定)
be 動詞依主詞單複數選 is 或 are
句型:How much + do/does + 主詞 + cost?
例:How much does the doll cost? → It costs 500 dollars.
用來代替前面提過的可數名詞,避免重複:
| 代詞 | 代替對象 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| one | 單數可數名詞 | The white one is Misty. (one 代替 cat) |
| ones | 複數可數名詞 | Still using old ones. (ones 代替 computers) |
| 代詞 | 指的是… | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| one / ones | 同類中的「某一個」 | Let’s buy one. (其中一個) |
| it / they / them | 該名詞本身 | Can I have it? (就是這把吉他) |
- We have much ( much / many ) homework today.
- There are many / a lot of ( much / many / a lot of ) people at the zoo.
- How much is ( is / are ) the coffee? — It’s free!
- I want this comic book. How much is ( is / are ) it?
- Owen’s bed is too old. He wants a new one ( one / ones ).
- I like the gray ones ( them / ones ) next to the door.
- A: Which ( Which / What / How ) school does she go to? B: Hill High.
- 依提示造問句:The fish soup is 65 dollars.
→ How much is the fish soup?
Unit 3
Art & Café
② Starry Night 是 my favorite painting 的同位語(進一步說明)。
• which 用於詢問「限定範圍中」的哪一個(已知選項)。
• one 代替前面說過的可數名詞 (painting)。
• too = 「也」,放句尾。
| 意思 | 位置 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 那麼 | 放句首或句尾(句尾時前面加逗號) |
Then which cake do you want? = Which cake do you want, then? |
| 然後 | 放句中(前面加 and) |
I get up at 6:00. And then I jog for half an hour. (我六點起床,然後慢跑半小時。) |
⚠️ then 是副詞,沒有連接詞功能——連接兩個句子時須加上連接詞(and)。
🔍 which vs. what
which → 用在選項範圍已知時(從特定幾個中選一個)
what → 用在範圍未限定時(任意回答)
Which color do you want, red or blue? (兩色中選一)
What color do you like? (任意回答)
= What can I do for you today?
(would 是助動詞,語氣更有禮貌)
sweet 可替換為 nice 或 kind。
Eat in or take away?
也可用於送達目的地時說「到了」。
⚡ 高分小訣竅 — here 放句首的倒裝
here 為地方副詞,放句首時用來強調或引起注意。句型有兩種:
① 主詞為代名詞:Here + 主詞(代名詞)+ 動詞 → 主詞、動詞不倒裝
Here it comes.(它來了。)
② 主詞為名詞:Here + 動詞 + 主詞(名詞)→ 主詞、動詞必須倒裝
Here comes the bus.(公車來了。)
💳 結帳常用語
May I have the bill, please? → 不好意思,請幫我結帳好嗎?
Could I get the check, please? → 請問可以幫我拿帳單嗎?
(may、could 都可用來禮貌地請求許可,bill / check 均指「帳單」。)
👀 補充:只是看看
店員詢問是否需要服務,若只是看看,沒有特別想要什麼,可說:
I’m just looking. Thank you.(我只是看看,謝謝。)
A: Which drink do you want, milk or juice?
(你想要哪種飲料,牛奶還是果汁?)
B: I want milk.
(我想要牛奶。)
A: How much is the sandwich?
(那個三明治多少錢?)
B: It’s two hundred dollars.
(它要兩百元。)
用來代替前面提過的可數名詞
• one → 代替單數可數名詞
• ones → 代替複數可數名詞
These are my new notebooks. The green ones are from my mom, and the yellow one is a gift from my friend.
(這些是我的新筆記本。綠色的那些是我媽媽給的,而黃色那本是我朋友的禮物。)
①Café Terrace at Night is a painting by Vincent van Gogh. ②The title shows two important parts of the painting, the coffee shop and the night sky.
In the painting, some people are having drinks at the coffee shop. ③And on the street nearby, some people are walking. This part of the painting is bright yellow. ④The other part, the night sky, is dark blue. ⑤There are some houses under the sky, and they are in dark colors, too.
The two parts — the bright yellow coffee shop and the dark blue night sky — are perfect together. They create a good balance.
painting 也可用 work(作品)替換。
也可寫在句尾:Some people are walking on the street nearby.
in bright colors(色彩鮮豔)
in color(彩色的,指電影等)
⚡ 高分小訣竅 — the other vs. the others
• one…, and the other… → 表「一個…,另一個…」(共兩個)
She has two cats. One is black, and the other is white.
• One…, and the others… → 表「一個…,其餘那些…」(共三個以上)
There are five students. One is singing, and the others are listening.
📝 some…, and some… 的用法
表「有些…,有些…」,但剩餘部分則不提及。
In the park, some children are playing, and some are reading.
(公園裡,有些孩子在玩耍,有些在看書。)→ 還有其他孩子在做其他事
「一幅畫勝過千言萬語」— A picture can paint a thousand words.
🌍 繪畫的地域分類
• Eastern painting(東方繪畫)
• Western painting(西洋繪畫)
依題材分:figure painting(人物畫)、landscape painting(風景畫)等。
什麼是 Minimal Pairs(最小對立體)?
當兩個字詞中,只有一個音段不同時,這兩個字就是 minimal pair。
例:feet 和 fit 只有母音不同([iː] vs. [ɪ])→ 是一組 minimal pair。
| 發音對比 | 例字組 1 | 例字組 2 |
|---|---|---|
| [iː] / [ɪ] | feet(腳)/ fit(適合) seat(座位)/ sit | reach(觸及)/ rich(富有的) green / grin(露齒笑) |
| [eɪ] / [ɛ] | late / let pain(疼痛)/ pen | braid(鑲邊)/ bread(麵包) wait / wet(濕的) |
| [ɛ] / [æ] | pet(寵物)/ pat(輕拍) dead(死亡的)/ dad | bed / bad beg(乞求)/ bag |
| [eɪ] / [æ] | ape(猿)/ app(應用程式) claim(聲稱)/ clam(蛤蜊) | main(主要的)/ man hate(討厭)/ hat(帽子) |
| [æ] / [ɑ] | hat(帽子)/ hot map(地圖)/ mop(拖把) | pat / pot(壺) lack(缺乏)/ lock(鎖) |
一、引導式翻譯
Good afternoon. How may/can I help you?
A: I want hot chocolate, please. B: For here or to go?
二、克漏字選擇
( Lily and Tom are having dinner at a restaurant. )
Clerk: Good evening. C. What can I do for you?
Lily: Can I have today’s special, please?
Clerk: Sure. And you, sir?
Tom: Today’s special too, please.
Clerk: C. Any drinks?
Lily: Orange juice, please. Tom: Apple tea, please.
Clerk: Okay.
(Ten minutes later)
Clerk: B. Here you are. Have a nice meal.
Lily & Tom: Thank you.
(After the meal)
Tom: May I have the bill, please?
Clerk: Sure. D. It’s seven hundred dollars.
Tom: Here you go.
Clerk: Thank you very much.
special 特餐 | sir 先生 | meal 餐點 | bill 帳單
1. Of course.
當然好啊。
2. May I help you?
我可以為您服務嗎?
3. My treat.
我請客。
4. That’s sweet of you.
你人真好。
5. For here or to go?
內用還是外帶?
6. Here you are.
給你。
7. Café Terrace at Night is a painting by Vincent van Gogh.
〈夜晚的露天咖啡座〉是文森‧梵谷的畫作。
8. This part of the painting is bright yellow. The other part, the night sky, is dark blue.
畫中的這個部分是亮黃色的。而另一個部分,夜空,則是深藍色的。